El acuerdo de París de diciembre de 2015: la sustitución del multilateralismo por la multipolaridad en la cooperación climática internacional

Abstract

The Paris Agreement breaks the perverse dynamic of international climate cooperation after the failed attempts in Copenhagen and Doha. This circumstance is the only one that justifies the enthusiasm with which it was received. However, the careful analysis of the text brings uncertainties regarding the magnitude of its contribution. Especially the analysis of its content allows to conclude that the new model of climate management does not fit as it should to what seems appropriate in the case of a global public good. The substitution of the top down for the bottom up approach does not bring the schema closer to a multilateral model but to a multipolar one, through the individualization of the mechanism for the attribution of emission reduction obligations. The consequence is that we are as subject as before, or even more, to the political will of the States. These should be those that, without a strong pressure on the issue in the new agreement, make commitments ambitious enough for the aggregate effort to think of an effective response to global warming. And this does not seem to be enough, given the pace of aggravation of a problem that threatens us all.