Notice use Artificial Intelligence
NOTICE ON THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN SUBMISSIONS AND PEER REVIEW
The Revista Española de Derecho Internacional acknowledges the potential of artificial intelligence tools to support research and academic writing in the legal and social sciences. Their use may be beneficial when carried out responsibly, transparently, and under appropriate human supervision, as they can never replace the intellectual, critical, and creative contribution of authors and reviewers. In any event, ethical, academic, and legal responsibility for any work submitted for evaluation lies exclusively with authors and reviewers, who must ensure the accuracy, integrity, and reliability of the content.
General Principles
1. Auxiliary use of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence tools may be used as support instruments in the preparation of manuscripts. Under no circumstances should they replace academic judgment or the intellectual and ethical responsibility of authors.
2. Human responsibility. Authors and reviewers are fully responsible for the content they produce or evaluate. Intellectual and ethical responsibility for the work lies exclusively with those who sign it. Consequently, artificial intelligence tools may not be listed as authors or co-authors of academic work.
3. Transparency in the use of AI. When artificial intelligence tools have been used in the preparation of a manuscript, such use must be clearly and transparently disclosed. Authors and reviewers must indicate the tool used and the type of assistance provided.
4. Integrity and verification of content. Authors and reviewers must critically review any content generated with the assistance of artificial intelligence. The final content of the manuscript—including data, arguments, citations, and conclusions—must be validated by its authors, who guarantee its accuracy and compliance with academic integrity standards.
Guidelines for Authors
Permitted uses (examples): linguistic assistance (spelling and grammar correction, stylistic improvement, or translation), drafting of abstracts, support in structuring the manuscript or improving clarity, bibliographic and case law research (ensuring at all times that information is accurate and supported by verifiable sources), statistical analysis and data processing (provided that their use is clearly described). In all cases, authors must verify the accuracy of the content, including citations and references, by checking them against original sources.
Non-permitted uses (examples): attributing authorship to artificial intelligence; fabricating or “completing” data, results, images, or references; incorporating third-party text or figures without proper citation or permission; concealing the use of artificial intelligence; or using AI tools to generate interpretations, conclusions, or academic arguments without adequate human supervision.
Transparency: any substantive use of artificial intelligence tools must be disclosed in the manuscript, indicating the tool used and its version, the purpose of its use, the sections affected, and the degree of human supervision.
Guidelines for Reviewers
Peer review is grounded in the principle of confidentiality. Accordingly, reviewers must not upload, copy, paste, or summarize the manuscript, its annexes, associated data, editorial metadata, or their own review report in external artificial intelligence tools. The use of AI to conduct the scientific evaluation of the manuscript or to draft, in whole or in part, the review report must be declared and shall never replace the reviewer’s responsibility for the scientific assessment, which must be carried out according to their own critical judgment.
AI Use Disclosure (Template)
When artificial intelligence tools are used in the preparation of a manuscript, authors and reviewers must include a statement such as the following at any stage of the process, specifying:
1. Name and version of the AI tools used.
2. Brief description of the use of AI: generation of text sections, literature review, editing and revision of drafts, translation, among others.
“The authors used [name of AI tool and version] for [specific purpose, e.g., linguistic editing or manuscript structuring]. All outputs were reviewed and validated by the authors, who assume full responsibility for the content of the manuscript.”
This statement should be included at the end of the text.
Compliance
Failure to comply with these guidelines may result in requests for clarification or correction by the editorial team and, where appropriate, in the non-acceptance or rejection of the manuscript.
Policy Updates
Given the rapid development of artificial intelligence technologies, the journal may periodically review and update this policy in order to incorporate emerging best practices in scientific integrity and academic publishing.
